Monday, October 25, 2010

March 2005

Joel’s shoes 3/4/05
I received this from Lu yesterday and thought it was very sweet. It requires no further explanation on my part:

I had to retire Joel's shoes today. I wore them as long as I could, and
I'm not throwing them away, but they had a huge hole in the sole and if
I stepped in anything even remotely wet, water would soak in. I tried
fixing it with duct tape, and all manner of things, but to no avail. I
believe the story of those shoes goes something like this:

-our friend Leo got them for free at his work somewhere, wore them for
about a year
-gave shoes to Joel, he wore them for about a year
-shoes went with him to the army
-shoes came back with his personal effects
-I wore them from that day until this afternoon

it was important for me to wear them, but I feel that I have made my
peace with them. I'll keep them around, and maybe even slip them on
from
time to time, but I think it's time to let go. I might enlist the art
kids to make an art project out of them, that would be great!

~Lu



The folks down the road 3/6/05
Yesterday Simphiwe and I went to visit people from the neighboring community and to take some food to those in desperate need.  If there is a hero to this Swaziland story, it is in someone like Simphiwe.  He is a 29 year old Swazi male whose gentleness, equanimity, and grace under pressure leaves me in a constant state of awe.  He is a volunteer with a local NGO overseeing HIV efforts in this area.  For four years, for less than USD 20/month, he gets up each day and goes out to make the world a better place.  But his is a story for another day. 
Our first stop was to see Mazaza.  When we first saw Mazaza, mid-January, he was sitting on the ground outside his round stone, stick, and mud hut.  He had been in an accident some time ago and his body was badly burned and broken.  Most of the fingers had been burned from his left hand and one side of his body is covered in scar tissue.  His right leg is broken about 5 inches above the knee and when he lifts his thigh up from the ground with his hands, the knee and lower leg simply fall away from the leg, attached only by skin and ligaments.  The leg had never been repaired.  When I sat down on the ground next to him, quiet tears ran down his cheeks.  He was hungry and he seemed broken in other ways that are less tangible.

Since that first visit we have been back several times- to bring food or simply to see him and let him know he is on our minds.  When we saw him today, he looked good- a broad smile stretched across his face, his cheeks full and hinting of health.  He was actually sitting up off the ground a little, on a plastic jug or box turned on its side.  I wondered if he missed Mandla.

When we first came, Mandla lived in a tiny mud, stick, ad stone hut perhaps 15’ from Mazaza’s rondeval.  Unlike some of the swazi mud huts that are tightly constructed, this was a makeshift shelter that provided scant protection from the elements.  We learned that someone had set fire to his previous home.  Mandla was emaciated and desperate looking, and his tears were less subtle.  He had been treated for TB for quite some time and was not improving.  My feeling was that he was not being treated for the underlying cause and I suggested he come into town for HIV testing.  We saw that he was sleeping on the ground, on damp dirty blankets, which would serve to exacerbate his illness.  On our next visit, Simphiwe and I went back to town and Simphiwe managed to talk the owner of the local lumber yard out of some old discarded planks so Mandla could be elevated a few inches from the wet ground.  The owner gave us the old planks for free but charged us to take them out there.  There is so little for free here.  A week later Mandla was dead.   Simphiwe was disheartened.  I told him that, for the last week of Mandla’s life, he didn’t have to sleep on the cold wet ground and that he should take heart that he had provided some small comfort to someone at the end of their days.  Sometime that has to be enough, especially here. We left Mazaza in good spirits and thanked the gogo who cares for him.   Perhaps she is his mother, I am not sure, but she is “sangoma”, a traditional healer, and she talks to her ancestors.  I wonder what she says to them in these dark times.
We walk on down the dirt road to find the gogo with the 2 tiny children whose faces haunt me at night.  Ah, this is a sad story.  This is an old woman whose leg has been broken for more than a year.  I gather she had some treatment at one time, but it was ineffective.  When we first encountered her, she was lying on a small bed in a dank, smoke-filled hut, her broken leg swollen and fluid filled.  Two tiny children were with her in the hut, one about 3’ tall with huge liquid eyes standing naked in a small bucket of dirty water, trying to give himself a bath.  His smaller brother hunched in the corner.  They looked feral.  The gogo explained that her daughter, the mother of these small ones dropped them off in July and took off to find something better for herself on the outskirts of Manzini, in an area known for its sex trade activity.  The gogo is incapable of leaving her bed and cooks for the tiny ones in a pot by the side of the bed, hence the smoke filled room.  She explains that she stopped eating some time ago because she is unable to extricate herself from the bed to go outside and relieve herself.  She lifts her shirt to expose folds of flesh that indicate she was heavy at one time.  She says she asks God to take her every day and is considering taking her own life.  If this woman dies, no one would know for days, or maybe weeks, and these tiny children, whose faces disrupt my sleep, would be climbing over her dead body trying to wake her, helpless about what to do next.  There is a small maize field outside the hut and we learn that the gogo dragged herself on her elbows to plant the corn some months ago, during a time she was feeling better.  It is unlikely the corn will ever be harvested, unless it is done so by thieves. 

On this day the gogo is feeling better and is actually sitting up on the bed.  This is the first time I have seen her sit but my slight relief is dampened by the coughs and labored breathing of the little ones, who have recently contracted the flu.  Someone is being sent to find the mother so the gogo can go in the hospital for a couple weeks to have her leg treated.  We tell the gogo that, if the mother cannot be located, we will try to find someone who can care for the tiny ones while she is hospitalized.  I also ask Simphiwe to have her get someone to contact us if the children become sicker.  Given the situation with the mother, it is reasonable to be concerned that one or both children might be HIV+.  Before leaving I kneel down and put my hand on each child’s chest, feeling their little hearts beating and wishing that some of my own health could somehow be transmitted through my skin and their threadbare shirts.
We walk on further down the road, hoping to find Babe M’s place.  We ask some small children we meet along the way and are told it is “la pha”, over there.  They follow us at a distance, giggling and shouting encouragement.  On my first trip to this neighborhood I did not meet Babe M.  He was out working his fields.  But I did see his children.  His wife died a couple years back, bleeding to death from complications of childbirth.  He cares for the four children on his own and cultivates several fields to provide for them.  The youngest child, 2 years old, was being carried on the back of his older but small sibling.  The infant was covered in scales and oozing sores such that his eyes could not open, barely recognizable as human.  It pained us all to see this child and I told the woman with me to have Babe M bring the child in to the VCT for HIV testing.  The next Monday I approached the VCT and saw him sitting there holding this little one close to him on his lap.  Actually, they were holding each other. The doctor I had met previously in the ARV clinic passed by and came over to greet me.  He took one look at the infant and said the baby needed to be hospitalized.  I told him, unfortunately, that the mother is dead, there are no other relatives, and consequently, there is no one to stay at the hospital with the child (required in the face of a severe nursing shortage).  He told us to take the baby to the lab for HIV testing but that is was his professional opinion the child was suffering for congenital syphilis. He told us to come by the office at 11, bypassing hours of waiting at the clinic.  It turned out the baby was negative for HIV and had been receiving treatment for 2 years for external symptoms- the sores and upper respiratory sequelae- nearly at the expense of his life.  I saw Babe M with the baby 3 days later as he was registering one of his other children at the primary school.  The change in the infant after just a short course of antibiotics was striking.  Today, about 4 weeks later, almost all the sores are gone from his face and the eyes are open. The child is cooing, animated.  There is a big open sore on his neck and Babe M is afraid he might relapse.  We have agreed to meet at the clinic again and see the doctor together.  Babe M and baby M still cling to each other as if sharing a pact of grief at the loss of the mother.  But today a renewed spirit and vigor is also shared between them.   Babe M is grateful to us and sends us off with a bag of peanuts and a smile.
Simphiwe and I walk the several miles back into town and I am happy to be in his company.  I delight in his company.  We part ways in town and I head back to the orphanage.  The girls are busy playing, so I head out for a long run.  Upon return, I am greeted by the housemother who has just returned from Manzini.  I can see by her face that something is not right.  She tells me her son, in his twenties and living in the city, died yesterday.  I wrap her in my arms, knowing that for this there is no comfort.

Rattle at the gate 3/9/05
Yesterday began with a rattle at the gate.  In Swaziland, it is common practice to stand down at the end of the entryway to the homestead, which can be quite a distance from the actual house, and either rattle the gate or cry out “ekhaya” until you have caught someone’s attention.  This morning my attention was caught by Babe (pronounced ba-bay, meaning father or older male) M standing outside the gate with the baby on his shoulders.  I have seen them thus so often that it sometimes seems they are one.  Even when cultivating his fields, there perches the small child on his back.
We are off to the clinic, held in a ramshackle building adjacent to the hospital.  Unlike the latter, the clinic has some semblance of order although it is no less dingy and suffers no less disrepair.  We walk into the room to scores of people seated on old church pews spaced about 8” apart.  In the corner, partially curtained by an old stained sheet, sits the intake nurse.  Perhaps 15 people tightly pack each bench, with about 10 benches to the room.  Overflow snakes out the door.  Smaller benches by the “nurses station” contain people waiting to have their blood pressure taken.  We are too late for the hymn, which starts the morning intake, and take our places on one of the last benches available.  After each person hands over their records, mangled pieces of paper they carry with them documenting previous visits, they are sent to another area to see the consulting nurse.  We inch along the benches and arrive at the intake nurse about 2 hours later.  People here are very sick and at the rate at which one makes one’s way to intake, it is possible to get a good long look at misery.  Sometimes it vomits at your feet.  Baby M does not need his blood pressure taken, shaving an hour off our wait, and we move to a long bench to repeat the snake crawl.  Fortunately it is a nurse I have met, a young man from Zimbabwe, who directs us to a long, dark hallway where we are to wait for the doctor.  We are number 18, black, not to be confused with blue or red, signifying other consult rooms.  I leave to go a few blocks to get bananas and bread for father and son.  When I get back I see that the lines have not moved.  We have been here for 3 hours already.  We are finally seen about 1:00, four hours from our arrival.  Based on prior experiences, it seems we have made good time.
The doctor is a woman, rare here, from the Congo.  She takes the baby’s history, prescribes the medication, and we are off.  The pharmacy, we learn, is closed until 2.   At this point I take my leave of the two, my main purpose served.  After collecting his meds, Babe M will walk the several miles home with his son clinging to his back.
Today the rattling at the gate is a sadder story.  Lindie is 8 months pregnant with 4 children.  The oldest, Linda, is a boy from a previous marriage and his father is now dead.  Linda lives with his gogo because the new husband did not want to support him- a common phenomenon here.  Linda is 12 years old and HIV+.  Sores began to appear on his legs when he was 6 and were followed by a bad bout with TB a year later.  He has gotten progressively worse, sores like tiny angry volcanoes erupting on his lower extremities.  He has upper respiratory distress consistent with his infection.  Vacant look notwithstanding, he is a lovely and quiet child.  He was not tested for HIV until last month despite years of symptomatic illnesses, and we are taking him in today to have his blood drawn for a CD4 count.
About 40% of the adult population in Swaziland is estimated to be HIV+.  Most young women between the ages of 18 and 25 are either pregnant or nursing a small child.  The majority of them have not been tested.  While most of the attention is being placed on the adult population, many of whom will surely die, very little voice is given to the staggering number of HIV babies currently being born who will begin to get sick.  A recent study showed that, while about 30% of HIV babies will not survive their first year, roughly 40% will survive past their 5th birthday.  We will start to see these children in the primary schools in great numbers within a few years.  We are already starting to see them now.  And the schools are not prepared to either identify or support these kids.  If you estimate that > 30-50% of babies born to HIV mothers contract HIV, and that approximately half of all women pregnant are HIV+, you can figure that about 15-20% of all babies being born today will be HIV positive.  The implications are staggering.
I took the mother and child down to the Town Board to talk to Simphiwe because I want them to fully understand, in their own tongue, what is happening to them.  I have called Simphiwe earlier in the morning and, as usual, he accommodates me.  He explains to the mother that HIV can take 6 – 10 years to develop to AIDS and that it is very likely that her son contracted the virus during childbirth.  We explain that her unborn child is at risk and that if she is tested and is positive, she can be treated with meds that will reduce the chance of mother to child transmission.  We also explain that once Linda is placed on ARV therapy, she must make sure he takes the medication regularly or he will get worse quickly.  She voices fears that the meds may make him sicker.  We agree that the ARVs may make him sick, but they will save his life.  In Swaziland that is sometimes the choice, either live sick or die.  We leave Simphiwe to make our way back to town and Lindie asks me to take her to the VCT- she wants to be tested.
On our way back to the hospital, we are stopped by a lovely and very pregnant woman who is in apparent distress.  Lindie, who speaks some English, explains to me that this woman is in to get the CD4 results, and hopefully some medicine, for her husband who is too sick and weak to stand, much less to come in himself.  She is hoping I might help somehow but I am unclear what she wants me to do.  I drop Lindie off at the VCT and go with this woman to the ARV clinic, which seems less overcrowded than usual.  I soon find out why- the results of last week’s tests did not come this morning and, consequently, will not be available for another week.  When your CD4 count is <200, and you are symptomatic, a week can kill you here.  I take the woman to a nurse to try to gauge her situation better.  She lives several miles from town and is hoping I will come see her husband.  She wipes an eye, tantamount to sobbing in a country that shows little grief, having had to bear so much of it.  I walk her home.  It is a long journey through town out to the neighboring community.  We turn and head downhill on a narrow, rocky dirt road wide enough for one car.  We hike on and on and I wonder at the thought that she makes this trip so often at the end of her pregnancy.  We walk down an overgrown footpath and arrive at the homestead, 3 small mud and stone huts and a mangy dog with an angry red eye.  We pass through the doorway to where her husband, Sikhumbuso, is lying strangely twisted on the bed.  Of course he can’t walk- there is not a bit of muscle mass left on his body.  He will die.  She says he stopped talking 2 days ago.  Oddly, he has a piece of cooked potato pressed against his mouth.  Apparently he is able to eat a little, but the diarrhea, “umsheko”, keeps him from deriving any nutrients.  After 5 months in Swaziland, I am still amazed at how little it takes to sustain life.  That this man breathes at all is an enigma to me.  If he has any awareness of our presence, he gives no sign.  I suspect his mind is somewhere preparing for its final journey.
There are no neighbors with cars to take him to the hospital.  Christ, there are no neighbors with electricity, phones, or running water.  There are no neighbors with much of anything, not even hope these days.  I trudge back into town to hire someone to pick him up and take him to the hospital.  I find a young, plump Swazi man in a battered old Toyota pickup who will collect Sikhumbuso and take him to the hospital for E20.  Expensive, but there are no other solutions- it is too far to carry him.  We get back to the homestead and the man’s brothers, one barely out of high school, carry him to the truck.  It would take only one, what with the slightness of him, but he is long and cumbersome.  His pregnant wife has dressed to accompany him. At 8 months pregnant, she will be the one to sleep under his bed on a sponge pad during his stay.  I watch them drive away knowing in my heart it is too late but also knowing the gesture would not be forgotten by the family.
I was late getting home to begin my community rounds.  We are going door-to-door taking a census of who lives at the home, who is orphaned, who is sick, etc.  After what transpired earlier in the day, the grinding poverty that greets me at each homestead seems somewhat less brutal.  It is relative and here you can always find someone who is worse off.

No room at the inn 3/20/05
I headed into town with the intent of checking on the sick man at the hospital. I am sitting in a small “canteen” where the women cook and serve customers at old picnic tables covered with torn pieces of old plastic tablecloths.  I look up to see S’s wife standing at the edge of the table looking down on me.  What I am able to gather, with the help of a make who speaks some English, is that they denied him admission.  She does not know why.  She says she will try to bring him to the ARV clinic next Wednesday if she can get transport.  I do not tell her that he will not live that long.

Bheki, down there 3/12/05
Went to visit Bheki today.  Bheki is the brother of the first young woman I took to the VCT, who subsequently died leaving 2 small orphans.  Early 20s, young, beautiful, now dead.  In a country where a week can mean life or death, she fell between the cracks.  Her life was a casualty of mistakes and bad timing.  I met Bheki a week after I took his sister to the VCT.  He was 29, tall, skeletal, and extremely ill.  He came because his sister paved the way.  I remember the day- it was a Wednesday and, because it was a Wednesday, he was able to go right to the ARV clinic to have his blood drawn.  Sometimes it is good that the clinic is crowded shoulder to shoulder, because I am not sure he could have stood that long on his own that day without being pressed on all sides by other people.  I had things to take care of and I remember going back to check on him several times, taking him some food at around 4, 8 hours after his arrival, because I feared he would not last the day.  He persisted.  He returned the following week for his results and easily qualified for ARVs.  Bheki has a 7 year old daughter, whom he loves, and a young sweet wife, and he was resolute.  Over the past few weeks I have seen him steadily improve.  And when he sees me, his face lights up.  He thinks I am sent from heaven and, for a few minutes, he makes me think so too.  Then I remember that all I really did was show up and it was enough.  So I was dismayed, recently, to hear that Bheki had been in the hospital for a couple days.  I couldn’t swallow for the fear that he might not be complying with his treatment and we might have to bury him as well.  I felt an urgency to go see him, to beg him to comply, to help him any way I could.  This one I will not lose.
This morning I asked where Bheki lives.  “Down there”, they tell me.  Well, in Swaziland, when they say “down there”, they mean way the hell “down there”, over that hill, across that expanse of grassland, and down the side of that mountain- land that has no knowledge of tire tracks.  On my way I stop at the home of Bheki’s gogo.  There is a very sick man there as well, Sdumo.  He is 35 and looks wretched.  I recall someone stopping me at the bus rank a few days back telling me I needed to go visit “Sdumo who was sick”.  He slumps in a chair on the porch with his head hanging, too sick to look up. His illness is palpable- I can almost taste it.  On the porch I am surrounded by African women who are amazed to see me there.  I speak with Sdumo’s cousin, in her 30s, who has a fairly good command of English.  I explain that it can take 6-8 years before someone becomes sick and so it is the mistakes we make when we are young and foolish, with fire in our bellies, that kills us when we are older and married, with a couple kids and a spouse.  I explain how HIV infects the “emasotja”, the immune cells, over that 6-8 year period, such that the body can no longer fight diseases.  I tell her Sdumo must come Wednesday and be tested and if he is positive he can be treated and he will get better.  She says he will come.  She says she will come to be tested as well.  Everytime someone tells me they want to be tested, a sweet little high note plays in my heart.  They send me off to Bheki’s house, “down there”, with a young boy to keep me company and show me the way.  
I am relieved when we finally get to a place where we can see “down there”, down the mountain where Bheki lives.  There are about 6 or 7 mud huts in a line overlooking the valley.  It is green and lush and the maize is growing nicely.  They see us coming long before we get there and a chair has been placed outside one of the huts for me.  Three adult women and many small, half-naked children, sit on mats.  Bheki comes, carrying his own chair.  God he looks good.  By our standards he would be extremely gaunt but, relative to the emaciated collection of bones I first met, he looks good.  He sits down.  Again the smile- as if the sun rose and set in my presence.  I get over myself quickly and ask how he is.  He says he is better, that he was sick for a few days but better now and much better than he was a few weeks ago.  With some trepidation I ask him if he is taking his meds.  “Yes” he promises, “every day”.  We sit, looking out over the maize field and talk about the statistics and that many people will die.  His English is not good, but it is good enough to understand what is to come in this country.  He shakes his head, “ah, people must know their status, they must treat, they must live.”  He is convincing.  I ask about his wife.  He says he is trying to persuade her to test- he will try to bring her Wednesday when he comes in for his meds.  I compliment him on the maize field and he tells me the monkeys come and steal the corn.  “They take too much.”  It is time for me to leave.  As I climb back up the mountain, I wonder how it was possible, as sick as he was, what wellspring of effort and determination, enabled him to climb up that mountain the day he first met me at the VCT.

The new data 3/13/05
The new statistics are out.  It seems to be true.  Not only are the HIV rates not going down, they are not even stabilizing.  Swaziland is now at 42.6% prevalence in the adult population (16-39).  In the age group between 25 and 29 years old, the HIV infection rate is at 56%.  In 8-10 years, about ½ of the current adult population will be dead, sick, or dying.  And the HIV babies- no one is even talking about them.


The price of ARVs 3/14/05
The new statistics are out.  It seems to be true.  Not only are the HIV rates not going down, they are not even stabilizing.  Swaziland is now at 42.6% prevalence in the adult population (16-39).  In the age group between 25 and 29 years old, the HIV infection rate is at 56%.  In 8-10 years, about ½ of the current adult population will be dead, sick, or dying.  And the HIV babies- no one is even talking about them.


Wednesdays 3/16/05
I cry every Wednesday.  Wednesdays are the only day of the week they can draw blood for CD4 counts because the blood must be sent all the way to Mbabane for analysis.  Wednesdays are also the days when the results are brought in for the previous week’s samples.  Wednesdays are the saddest day in the week.  People come in from all over, many have walked miles to get here.  And they do not come unless they are very sick.  They crowd into the small waiting room by the scores and the line snakes out the door into the yard for some distance.   Those who cannot stand lie on blankets or old jackets in the hallway or on the grass outside.  These are “the tired, the poor, the huddled masses yearning to breathe free”, or just to breathe at all.  The walls are splotched black with mold and paint peels away like rotting skin.  
I am there with the 2 pregnant women from last week.  Lindiwe has brought her son, Linda.  I get his results from the nurse- a CD4 count of 118.  He is well on his way to full blown AIDS but, ironically, I rejoice because now he will receive treatment.  The other woman, Sikhumbuso’s wife, has managed to bring her husband- they hired transport and carried him in.  He is propped up in a chair looking a bit goulish.
Knowing it will be some time before a doctor sees them. I go to look for Sdumo at the VCT, hoping he has come.  Sadly I do not see him in the darkened room where many are herded in for counseling, but I hope maybe I am just not recognizing him.  I go back to the ARV clinic and am greeted by a young man from my community who knows me.   He is tall and thin, with bloodshot eyes and a brilliant smile.  There is a feel of underlying sickness about him but he greets me warmly.  He says he is looking for Bheki, who is in line somewhere outside waiting for his meds, but he also informs me that Sdumo was brought into the hospital yesterday and is currently in the TB ward.  We head toward the ward together and I take the opportunity, while I have him alone, to ask if he has tested.  No.  But he wants to.  He is afraid.  He makes me a promise- soon- he will test soon.  We find Sdumo on the “ward”, a collection of old metal cots containing men in varying stages of death, one with facial tumors larger than his nose, eating away his face.  Actually, that one is in the hallway because there is not enough room in the ward.  He lies there groaning.
I look at Sdumo, whose old mother sits there wiping a tear away, and I know he will not live if we do not get him tested today.  If the blood is not taken today, he will wait until next week to have blood drawn and the following week before he can get treatment (if nothing goes wrong and usually something does).  2 weeks.
We rush to the VCT to see if they will test him.  One of the counselors is resistant- he should have been there earlier.  I explain he intended to come but was admitted the day before and is too sick to walk.  Fortunately one of the counselors lives in my community and knows him.  She agrees to come to the ward to collect blood for the test.  We must find a wheelchair, no small feat here, and bring him back to the VCT clinic for his results.  It is almost noon and, after getting his test results, we are told he must be taken to the ARV clinic to have blood drawn today to be sent out- he is too sick to wait.  Although they do not tell me his HIV results, he would not be sent for a CD4 count with a negative result.  I fight my way through the crowd at the ARV clinic to talk to the nurse.  She refuses to take his blood- he is an inpatient and must be managed on the ward.  We get back to the ward and are told the doctor has already made his rounds and they cannot take blood without his authorization.  I explain that tomorrow is too late- the blood must go to Mbabane today or he will have to wait another week.  I beg, I plead, I stop just short of crying, and an attractive young nurse agrees to take his blood today.  I thank her profusely, tell her I owe her, and head back to the ARV clinic.  It is hours later and still my two pregnant women wait with their sick charges.  They call Sikhumbuso in and his wife and I pick him up and carry him in to see the doctor.  I leave the room.  After a brief wait the door opens.  They are giving her ARVs for him and sending him home.  I am stunned that they will not admit him.  The doctor says he will get better once he starts taking the ARVs.  They said the same thing about the young man in the wheelchair who was sent home and was dead in less than a week.  I pick Sikhumbuso up and carry him into the waiting room. He is heavier than I predicted.  From there, two men help me carry him to the hospital entrance, me with my arms round his upper body and him barely clinging to me, a younger man carrying his legs, and an old man holding one arm.  We must be an odd sight.  We deposit him at the hospital door and I walk to town with his wife to hire transport to take him home.  I tell her I will come by on the weekend.  I do not expect to see him alive.  I have a meeting with Simphiwe and the High School anti-AIDS club, so I do not go back to the hospital.  I am confident that Linda’s CD4 results will qualify him for meds today.
On my way back home, I swing back by the hospital.  I learn that they did not take Sdumo’s blood after all.  He will get no treatment soon.  Further down the road I am greeted by Lindie, Linda’s mother.  He was not given ARVs.  Something about a machine being broken.  It is Wednesday.  I cry every Wednesday.

Misc 3/17/05
Julie and I are in Nhalngano to meet with Nonpilo, who will be doing a presentation with me at the end of the month to teachers at my local schools.  I will do a half hour presentation on the biology of HIV- how it progresses and why people die.  Nompilo will be talking about how to live well with HIV.  She was diagnosed with HIV 10 years ago when she was already sick.  She will tell you how difficult the diagnosis was to accept- the associated shame.  Her husband also tested and was positive.  She now dedicates her life to living well with HIV and helping others to do the same. She is an expert on diet and local herbs that boost the immune system.  She is healthy and beautiful and has maintained such good health that she does not yet require ARV treatment.  With the collapsing medical infrastructure here and the increasing HIV rate, it will be necessary for more people to be able to live well with HIV.  Their medical system will not be able to sustain them.  Nompoilo organizes a regional HIV support group and she is the hope of her country. 
I stop and see Simphiwe on my way home.  He is organizing a youth event for Saturday, among his dozen or so other responsibilities this day.  I really stop to see him simply because I need a dose of goodness before I end my day.  I stop briefly to see Sdumo and take him some juice and bananas before I head home.  He looks almost dead.  His body is convulsing with hiccups spaced only a few seconds apart.  Each hiccup elicits a cry of pain from his TB riddled lungs. As I head out I see a young man in the adjacent bed.  He is young and beautiful with clear eyes that look right into me.  His eyes are surrounded by thick black sores and scabs, the contrast increasing their brightness.  His mouth is also ringed by sores. I head out and down the hall, feeling the two bananas in my pocket that I have kept for myself.  I turn, go back, and hand the bananas to the young man.  It is my way of saying, “I see you too”.


3/18/05
I ran into a couple men from my community and we went to the hospital to see Sidumo.  As with every day, his mother was sitting by the side of his bed looking tragic.  She is staying there with him, this heavy, beleaguered woman who is too old and unfit to be sleeping on a TB ward.  Today Sdumo was able to sit up a bit, with considerable assistance.  He said he was hungry and was wanting some sausage- a good sign. For days all he has been wanting has been bananas and guava juice.  We went uptown to the butcher shop.  In Swaziland, a butcher shop is generally associated with a grill somewhere close by where you can brai (grill) your food.  So it is here.  A narrow alleyway behind the shop leads to an outdoor grill, a wonderful find for me in that I frequently crave meat but am loathe to take meat back to the orphanage to cook for myself when meat at the orphanage is an unknown luxury.  We brai the sausage and take it to Sdumo and his mother. They are grateful, the mother close to tears.  We take our leave and I stop by Lindiwe’s room to check on her.  The blisters under her eyes are all but gone, but the lips are still swollen, scabbed, and oozing.  I cringe internally at her appearance.   I leave her with bananas and milk but am not sure how she eats.  
In the evening I had a meeting with the doctor from the ARV clinic, another Peace Corps Volunteer, and a Minister of Parliament (MP) and his wife about a clinic they want to build in the community to monitor HIV positive children.  We had a large dinner at the MPs house and spent too much time talking politics and not enough time talking about the clinic.  A young man who works from UNICEF was there and we had a discussion about food provisions from the WFP.  A week earlier, I met with the Swaziland director of the WFP who told me there would be food available for the orphans, vulnerable children, and needy in our areas if we could get them a list of school kitchens and neighborhood care points as well as the names of the Peace Corps volunteers in those areas.  Now this young man is telling me that there is not enough food available for our area, as the drought stricken areas will be taking precedence.  While I understand there are regions of Swaziland with greater need, there is no region without need.  I think of the frequent HIV workshops held at expensive hotels, the high-end cars used to drive employees of NGOs, inflated salaries of some HIV workers, and I wonder why there is not sufficient food to feed the hungry in my neighboring communities. I wonder why Simphiwe works 24/7, almost for free, while others are stuffing their pockets with HIV donations. I go home full but dissatisfied.

Sdumo 3/19/05
I stopped by the town meeting hall where Simphiwe was showing HIV films to some of the local youth.  Not a big turnout but you are hopeful, somedays, that you can touch just one life.  Just one. At around 3:00 I stopped by briefly to see Sdumo.  He was able to pull himself up to a seated position, an encouraging sign.  Two hours later he was dead.  The sadness never ends.

On the way out of town 3/20/05
I am leaving town tomorrow to head to Mbabane for a Peace Corps workshop.  I went to see Sikhumbuso and his pregnant wife before I left town, expecting not to see him again when I return.  I get to the homestead and call out.  No answer.  I wonder if he has already passed away and they have taken his body somewhere.  A young woman appears with a tiny baby attached to her back with a blanket. She tells me the wife is in town but that Sikhumbuso is there.  He is her brother.  She asks if I want to see him and I nod, yes.  She calms the dog while I enter the hut.  The smell of sickness and death are heavy.  I sit down by the bed, not sure if he knows I am there.  His breathing is shallow and quick.  I touch his forehead and arm- he is burning up.  There is nothing I can do now other than to hold him in my thoughts.  I leave and head back to town.  A few days at a workshop in Mbabane might be just what I need.

And so it goes 3/27/05
Simphiwe sent me a txt message. Sikhumbuso was buried on thursday.

February 2005

My mother’s passing 2/4/05
I think, for some people, the heart takes on a burden early in life that may be unbearable.  And over the years the heaviness of the burden causes the heart to collapse in upon itself, like a celestial black hole, until it has become a singularity of anger and bitterness that allows no light.  So it was with my mother who, at the end of her time here on earth, knew no joy.  Madeline L. Peel Wilson departed from this life at 9:45 am Sunday, Swazitime.  We all pray that whatever burden she carried remained when her spirit flew.

A tribute to Joel 2/16/05
Edward Lin was a very close friend of Joel's while we were at Gainesville. He recently learned of Joel's death and sent me a beautiful email which, I think, echoes the sentiments of Joel's friends in Petaluma.  I thought I would post it here:

Alyson,
  I am so glad to have received your email. For the last two days, 
I've been crying on and off; at work, in class, on my bike, on the 
bus. There's just no stability because there's not really anybody 
to talk to about it. Thank you for giving me a connection to him. 
I miss him so much I feel sick; I miss what has happened and what 
should have happened.
  On Sunday night, I got bored of studying and looked up you and 
Joel to see what you two were up to. I was so excited to have 
found your site but as I read the first lines, this silent 
darkness just gripped my entire body right at the center.
  Everything just seems to lose its color and lustre. Nothing is 
exciting, nothing is fun. Important things last week no longer 
feels important. What does money mean if I can't spend it on my 
friends? We live through all grief holding the hands of our loved 
ones and we live through all joy sharing it with them. There's no 
survival and no joy without them. I loved Joel, I loved him so 
much. Good things just aren't as good now that I can't call him up 
and tell him about it. There are so many pictures yet to be taken, 
so many experiences; 21st birthdays, graduations, weddings, trips, 
days of birth...
  There are good people in this world, just genuinely nothing less 
than good hearted people. And Joel was one of the few. Joel was a 
good man. He had a lot to contribute. The newspaper article was 
right; Joel was so generous with the little that he had. he had 
heart, courage, strength, sympathy, kindness. He was always the 
first to charge into the unknown. Once a long time ago, he and I 
were walking and there was a bee's nest on the ground. He wanted 
to mess with it and I told him not to, I told him that the bees 
would get him. But he did it anyways, he did it and this bee came 
straight at my face and stung me under the eye. Now, he's off 
again.
  Look at that, twelve, thirteen years. We went from being little 
wildchildren running around Corry to growing up into men. 12 
years, more than half my life knowing Joel's got my back. I'm so 
used to that; knowing that he would be part of the foundation of 
the house that is my life.
  I wish I had the chance be at the memorial, to somehow really 
show him how much I loved him. All of a sudden he's gone. I feel 
like his flight departed and I wasn't there to kiss him and hug 
him. Like there was this big going away party and I was too busy 
to show up. What a sin, Alyson, just.. .what a fucking crime. I 
wish I was there with you and his other friends to wish him off 
and let him go. Now I am at the airport, looking everywhere. Where 
is my Joel? I wish I could explode so he could see all the love I 
have for him light up the sky!
  It is such an honor to be a best friend to Joel. I'm just so 
proud of him; of what he became and what he was going to become. 
We expected great things from each other. I hope I can live up to 
his hopes and do the things, make the contributions he never had a 
chance to make.
  Alyson, all my grief is nothing compared to yours. I feel shame 
in lamenting and crying to you. How dare I. But there's nobody 
else. And I guess I feel that through you, Joel will somehow hear 
me and know. It helps set things straight in my heart. There's so 
much to sort out. Even though we didn't speak very often, I knew 
and I think that he knew that whenever and wherever we got back 
together, we'd be boys. When I went to visit, nothing changed. We 
just kinda kept going with no lag.

  In honor of Joel, in the love that we both share for him, please 
consider me a second son to you and let me try my best to do for 
you what he is not able to. I cannot replace him. But I loved him, 
you loved him, so I love you. If you need anything, please let me 
know. I mean that as a son to a mother. I will always be reading 
your journal and thinking of you.

Love,

Edward Y. Lin


Through the looking glass 2/23/05
am back in swaziland now.   feels like I am slipping back and forth between alternative realities.  will post more next week.  ap

A state of mind 2/28/05
During my brief visit home to deal with my mother’s passing, people expressed much concern about my emotional well being in the face of so much suffering here.  I need to try to explain some things about myself so that people don’t worry so much.  After Joel died I thought is was simply a miracle, a blessing beyond belief, that I could cry again.  Losing Joel gave a whole new meaning to “having a bad day” and everything else seemed ephemeral.  But cry I did and cry I do.  My emotions are somewhat difficult to explain, however, and have something to do with the changes that occurred in my center after losing Joel as well as from my daily meditation and yoga practice.  I find that I experience the same emotions, maybe even sharper, deeper.  The difference is that I am able to experience the depth of the feelings but I don’t hold on to them any longer than I need to.  So I am able to give myself over to the agonizing unnecessary death of a young man in Swaziland and feel his loss completely, but I am also able to get up the next day and move through my life with joy and amazement.  Mundane moments take on new life now and it is enough sometimes simply to sit with someone who is sick and acknowledge that, without clinging to the need to make them better.  I understand that sometimes people just need to be seen, really seen, in their entirety.  And they need to know you see them.  And so you take the small successes when you can and those become enough not only to sustain you but to lift you to new heights.  The large picture here is overwhelming, but small victories occur every day if you are open to seeing them.  Joel did that for me. He looks through my eyes and smiles through my lips and, even with the bad, it can be “all good” in a way that I just cannot explain.

January 2005

New year’s eve 1/2/05

I took the public transport back to Mbasheni, near our Ngonini training site, to spend New Year’s Eve with my Swazi host family from our Peace Corps training period. I wish I had sufficient literary skills to describe the area, the homestead, the people- what they mean to me now. It is in my skin, this African experience. KaSimelane (the homestead of the Simelane’s) sits on a hill overlooking a valley framed by mountains that border South Africa. The view is breathtaking.
I got off the Khumbi (a khumbi is a van tightly packed with people trying desperately to get somewhere- Travel by Khumbi is reckless and dangerous and generally the only way to get around) at the stop to kaSimelane and am immediately greeted by calls of "Nozipho (my Swazi name), Unjani?! (How are you?). As I walk down the dirt road to the homestead, I am welcomed back by every member of every household on the way. Half-clothed children run to the road, wave, and ask repeatedly, "how are you, how are you?" They ask this routinely and repeatedly as it is the extent of english for pre-school kids. As I get closer to the homestead, the welcomes become more enthusiastic- these are my neighbors, my makhelwani, the people who will watch for me and watch out for me, who have ownership of me.
The Shabangus live directly across from kaSimelane and symbolize what is good about this place. He is striking looking- a powerful African face, strong hands, chisled frame, very dark. He drives for the govt and is away from home 2 weeks at a time. The two weeks he is at home he works constantly- weeding, plowing, tending to his few head of cattle. He asks for nothing that he is unable to get or build for himself, in stark contrast to many Swazis who have, unfortunately, fallen into the trap of learned helplessness. He is a proud and good man who bears himself like a warrior. He has no electricity or running water but I never get the sense that he thinks he is poor. He is regal in his tattered clothes and I am awed by him. Likewise, his wife, who is tall, slender, and hauntingly beautiful- not in some whitewashed sense of what an African woman should look like, but with a dark mixture of fierceness and vulnerability, a look of wildness barely contained. In a land where, tragically, if adult women are not sick, they are generally markedly obese from the high starch diets, makhelwani Shabangu stands out.
My Similane bosisi and bobhuti (the children- my bothers and sisters) run to the road screaming my name. I even get hugs, done with some awkwardness- not something Swazis are accustomed to- this hugging thing, although I am breaking them down slowly. There are the two girls, Nondumiso (11) and Nonduduso (13), and the boys: Wandile (18) , Linda (15), Terrance (9), and Gcina (6). These are beautiful children for whom my words cannot do justice, so I will post pictures. Make Simelane, who silently wishes she had another life, takes a break from ironing her husband’s clothes to greet me. But she must hurry back to the ironing because he is to go off with his brother in law to spend New Year’s Eve elsewhere and must have nice clothes. He is relatively well off by Swazi standards and may end up the subject of an entire diatribe on my part, saved for a day on which I am feeling much less generous of spirit.
I learn that Zero is in South Africa but Z will be by later. Zero and Z?????  I have left out too much and, again, words fail me. Zero and Z are both ~20 who, without much family of their own, spend most of their evenings kaSimelane- they are family in a way that transcends blood. Both had to stop school at the end of Form 3 (secondary school ends at form 5) because there was no one to pay school fees for them. Zero is exceptionally bright, quick, articulate, and clever, and there may be a way for him to go to South Africa to enroll in post-secondary training, even without finishing form 5. Zero is one of those people who will survive anywhere and do well evenutally. Z is another story. Z holds my heart in his hand. From the time I began working with kids in the mid-70s, my experience has been that there is always that one kid that you fall in love with, that one kid that keeps it new every day. Z is that kid. He is tall, slender, quiet, with a grace and tenderness that is beautiful to watch. There is such a stillness to him sometimes that, watching him, I forget to breathe. He has an extraordinary gentleness with children that makes me think he would be a great teacher if he had the chance to finish school. He and his mother live 2 homesteads down the hill from the Simelanes. Their homestead is quite different from the rest in the area- simply two run down mud huts. They have nothing. Makwa Z (pronounce magwa Z- mother of Z) is frail and often sick. She is alone in every sense of the word. There is one brother I know of, who lives in South Africa, who is generally drunk and of no help to the mother. I asked Make Simelane about other brothers or sisters of Z. She says there are many grown children, all with different last names. She says of Makwa Z, "they (meaning many men) have loved her too much."  Love is different here.  Z works whenever he can, for what little he can get, to help out.  There really is no work.   I will make a way for him somehow because someone should and because I can .
Z finally appears kaSimelane- I hear his voice before I see him and my heart sings at the sound of it. He sees that he has this effect on me and it clearly delights and surprises him. We all, the Simelanes, Z, the makhelwanis, and I, saw the new year in under the African moon, and it was good enough simply to be there in the presence of these people and at this place that is in my skin.



The clinic 1/14/05
I am staring at a skeleton- black skin stretched over bone, eyes bulging, mouth agape.  Can he possibly be alive?  He blinks and I am startled.  I look at him.  Directly.  I want him to know I see him, I know he is there.  We are in a sea of people, so congested I struggle for breath at times, and yet he is invisible.  He lurches forward and I am caught by the immediate thought that he is either dying, right now in front of me, or he is going to be sick.  I grab a bucket to hold under his chin, but he neither vomits nor dies.  He makes a hissing noise and I understand he is trying to speak.  I put my ear to his lips and catch a few words.  In English- thank god- He is young enough to have taken English in school.  Something about his feet…he wants to put them up, motioning as though there should be a foot rest on this rusty old wheelchair.  I try to tell him there is no footrest, on my hands and knees now, peering as though, if I look hard enough, a foot rest will magically appear.  I find a thin piece of frazzled rope tied between the wheels.  Ah, I get it.  I take the misshapen, swollen thing that used to serve as a foot, that now is a reservoir for all his bodily fluids, and lift it onto the rope.  His foot is heavy, clubbish and sweaty, and I imagine that his two feet combined weigh more than the rest of him.
 I am at the ARV (antiretroviral) clinic in Hlatikulu.  I brought a young neighbor woman, S, here at 8:30 this morning.  She tested positive some time ago and has been pretty sick for abut a month.  Mrs. Dlamini down the road was concerned about S and took me to see her yesterday.  She stays in a small, dank mud hut on her mother's homestead with her two prepubescent children.  Her husband has been dead for a year.  She came to the ARV clinic a month ago but was refused because her CD4 count was 400.  The norm is about 1200 and they generally don't treat until the decline has dipped to 200, or unless someone is  very sick.  They have told her to come back in March.  I explain to the nurse that, if we make her wait until March, Swaziland with have 2 more orphans to contend with.  The agree to see her.
 The clinic is only open on Wednesday.  The crush of people waiting to be seen is something akin to being jammed into a crowded elevator, multiplied by a factor of ten, with sweltering heat thrown in.  And they are all sick, very sick.  The overflow spills out into the yard.  It is like this all day and I wonder that more people don't die simply waiting to be seen.  "Clinic" is a misleading word- this is a scant waiting area with probably more than 200 people, who have to get past the admitting nurse, a staff of one, before they can go to another similarly dismal area to wait to be seen by the doctor.  If they weren't horribly sick when they got here, they will be within a few days of breathing this air.  TB is rampant here, and even more so in HIV populations.
 We are finally seen around 3:00.  The doctor open S's shirt to feel her abdomen and I am struck by the sight of a 6" wide band of herpes zoster sores traversing her midline.  "Libandi."  "The belt."  A classic symptom of HIV here.  Between the zoster, oral thrush, a chest x-ray that looks none too good, and the fact that this woman cannot get out of bed by herself, it appears as though she will qualify for ARVs.  That coupled with the fact that she has a rapid Peace Corps Volunteer at her side.
 As we are leaving, the young man in the wheelchair has just been examined and is being sent home.  There is no room in the ward.  The nurse says he is actually getting better, responding a bit to the ARVs.  "Relative to what," I wonder.  I give his brother my contact info.  As though I could do anything.  Perhaps the gesture counts for something.  The nurse also says she is quitting- the demands of this job, this constant press of desperate people all day long, has taken its toll on her as well.  And we are just beginning the death knell. 

And the orphan list grows 1/21/05
The young man in the wheelchair died Wednesday.  His brother called to let me know, in broken English, the he was "late".  Thought I would want to know.
Nokuthula, the first young woman I took for testing, died yesterday. 
We will drown in a tsunami of tears before this is through.

December 2004

End of PST 12/2/04
So, we are reaching the end of preservice training and everyone appears to be holding up relatively well.  We leave on Monday for Mbabane where we will be staying for several days to swear in as volunteers and to purchase items we will need for our new home sites.  I expect to have ample time then to write about training and to post more pictures.  I now have a cell phone but, given that it costs about $1.50/minute to call the US, it is unlikely that any of you will hear my voice anytime soon.  I have learned that I can receive email on my phone but I am not sure if I can reply.  Someone will have to try it and let me know if they get a reply.  My phone email is 6175473@mtnconnect.co.sz and brevity will be greatly appreicated.  It may be necessary to precede the phone number with the country code which is 268- some emails get through without it and some don't.  I spent a few days at the orphanage (where I will be living) in Hlatikulu a couple weeks ago and I think it will be a very interesting 2 years there.  Hlati is just beautiful, but then so is the whole country.  And we ate embarassing amounts of food on Thanksgiving at the ambassador's house.  More to come...
It really is this grim 12/6/04
My sister sent me this article from the San Diego paper:
AIDS merciless to southern Africa
Life expectancy dives; small towns devastated
By Michael Wines and Sharon LaFraniereNEW YORK TIMES NEWS SERVICE
November 28, 2004
LAVUMISA, Swaziland – Victim by victim, AIDS is steadily boring through the heart of this small town.
It killed the mayor's daughter. It has killed one-fifth of the 60 employees of the town's biggest businessman. It has claimed an estimated one in eight teachers, several health workers and two of 10 counselors who teach prostitutes about protected sex. One of the 13 municipal workers has died of AIDS. Another is about to. A third is HIV-positive.
By one hut-to-hut survey in 2003, one in four households on the town's poorer side lost someone to AIDS in the preceding year. One in three had a visibly ill member.
That is just the dead and the dying. There is also the world they leave behind. AIDS has turned one in 10 Lavumisans into an orphan. It has spawned street children, prostitutes and dropouts. It has thrust grandparents and sisters and aunts into the unwanted roles of substitutes for dead fathers and mothers. It has bred destitution, hunger and desperation among the living.
It has the appearance of a biblical cataclysm, a thousand-year flood of misery and death. In fact, it is all too ordinary. Tiny Lavumisa, population 2,000, is the template for a demographic plunge taking place in every corner of southern Africa.
Across the region, AIDS has reduced life expectancy to levels not seen since the 1800s. In six sub-Saharan nations, the United Nations estimates, the average child born today will not live to 40.
In Swaziland, a kingdom about the size of New Jersey with 1 million people tucked into South Africa's northeast corner, two in five adults are infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Life expectancy averages 34.4 years, the fourth-lowest on Earth. Fifteen years ago, it stood at 55. By 2010, experts predict, it will be 30.
Epidemics typically single out the aged and young – the weak, not those at society's core. So what happens to a society when its fulcrum – its mothers and fathers, teachers, nurses, farmworkers, bookkeepers, cooks, clerks – die in their prime?
Part of the answer lies in Lavumisa, where two visitors spent five weeks recently talking to more than 60 residents, following the terrible ripples that an epidemic is sending through the community. Sickness leads to death, death leads to destitution, destitution worsens a host of social ills, from illiteracy to prostitution to abandoned babies. Multiply a single illness or death scores of times, and a town like Lavumisa begins to unravel.
Today, Lavumisa's schools are collapsing. Crime is climbing. Medical clinics are jammed. Family assets are sold to fend off hunger. The sick are dying, sometimes alone, because they are too many, and the caretakers are too few.
Much of this is occurring because adults whose labors once fed children and paid school fees and sustained families are dead. Lavumisa's lost generation of adults has reached beyond the grave, robbing survivors of their aspirations, reducing promising lives to struggles for existence.
Nkuthula Madlopha, 16, wanted to be a police officer. Instead, next year she will till her grandparents' fields, filling in for her dead parents. Her brother will herd livestock.
Their grandmother, Vayillina Madlopha, wanted a quiet old age. Instead, at 80, she is a new mother.
"I thought my daughters-in-law would be serving me food, washing for me and cleaning the yard," she said. "Now I must start afresh."
Ntokozo, 11, wanted to be a third-grader. Instead, he lies on the floor of his one-room hut, his knees swollen like baseballs and his mouth pitted with sores. His mother, who died in May, infected him with HIV, either during her pregnancy or later as he helped tend her oozing sores.
His sister, Nkululeko Masimula, 26, wanted a job. "I wanted to have my own business, to be a hairdresser or a wholesaler," she said. Instead, she tends her brother and their 61-year-old grandmother. She sells the family's chickens to raise money for food. Finding the $20 a month required to take her brother to the nearest anti-retroviral drug site, 60 miles away, is a pipe dream.
Dido Khosa, 9, wants his mother back. "She used to cook food, wash my clothes, do things for me," he said, sobbing. Instead, he describes a life of regular beatings by his father and his father's girlfriend and periodic escapes to the homes of neighbors.
Delisile Nyandeli, slim and pretty, wanted her own home and family. Instead, she cares for her orphaned sisters and brothers and for the orphaned children of two sisters who died of AIDS and whose husbands fled. At age 20, she is a mother to nine children besides her own boy.
"Today, when I was cleaning this house," she said, "I thought about it: If my mother were alive, she would be the one doing this. Because when my sisters don't have any pencils or other things they need for school, they come to me.
"And I can't help them."
Baked by drought, with a single paved street, a gas station, two liquor stores, two bars and a wretched crafts stand for tourists speeding from the adjacent South Africa border post, Lavumisa clings to Swaziland's lower rungs. Life would be hard here, even without AIDS.
A mostly rainless decade has discouraged most farmers from planting maize, the staple crop, much less the cotton that once underpinned the local economy. Many survive on homegrown chickens and pigs, donations from the World Food Program and the kindness of relatives who work across the border or in Swaziland's better-off cities.
The town does not keep death statistics. Most people quietly bury relatives in their yards or nearby fields rather than buy a cemetery plot. But Mzweleni Dlamini, the acting chief for Lavumisa and the surrounding region, does not need a tally to tell him the toll is very high.
Two years ago, he shifted his regular meeting with subordinates from weekends to Tuesdays because Saturdays and Sundays were consumed by funerals. Now he has given permission for weekday funerals because there are too many dead for the traditional weekend services alone.
With the dead gone, it is the impoverished survivors' turn to suffer.
At Lavumisa Primary School, a beige L-shaped building of concrete classrooms clumped around a red dirt yard, enrollment has fallen nearly 9 percent in five years, to 494 students, as children drop out to support families. One in three students has lost at least one parent.
Nomfundo, a 15-year-old seventh-grader, made the four-mile trek home from school one recent day with her brother, Ndabendele, 10. He carried his books in a torn plastic bag. She sported the shaved head customary for girls in mourning.
Their 34-year-old mother, a domestic worker, died Aug. 29; their father died the previous December. Care of the children has fallen to their grandmother, Esther, 53, who has been jobless for 14 years.
Since the illnesses began, she has sold four of the family's eight goats to raise money for food.
"Wheesh! Now I can feel the hardship," Nomfundo said. "Who is going to pay my school fees? Even the clothes. Where am I going to get them?" She tugged at her school uniform skirt, riddled with holes and hemmed several times to hide tears.
"I feel small," she said. "We used to have track suits. Now we no longer have track suits. Other kids say, 'Oh, now you don't have a track suit. Not even shoes! Now you are on the same level as us.' "
Actually, the two children are headed lower. Unbeknownst to them, their grandmother has tested positive for HIV, apparently contracting the virus while dressing her daughter's bleeding sores. Esther Simelane has kept the news from Nomfundo and her brother to spare them further trauma.
Should Nomfundo manage to stay in school another year, she will move up to Ndabazezwe High School.
Elphas Z. Shiba, the headmaster, keeps careful track of his 366 students in stacks of ledgers.
Shiba can say that at the beginning of this year, Ndabazezwe High had 40 students who had lost at least one parent. Nine months later, there were 73, 20 of whom had lost both father and mother, nearly all of whom are desperately poor. A decade ago, Shiba said, the school had perhaps five orphans, none of them needy.
Both the primary and the high school are staggering under the burden of feeding and educating a growing army of orphans who, by and large, cannot pay the school fees. The state has pledged to pay to educate orphans, but so far it has picked up but half the Lavumisa primary-school fees. Shiba said the high school was getting a mere $15 of the $100 a year it costs to educate each orphan.
Ndabazezwe High School is now deeply in debt by Swazi standards. It owes $275 for electricity; $200 for water; $260 for books; and hundreds more for office equipment. The security guards have not been paid in two months.


Wish list 12/20/04
If any of you want to try to track down donors/sponsors, we could use the following:
30 blankets for orphanage for winter- very cold here in winter (jun, jul, aug)
A sponsor for t-shirts for Hlatikuly Youth in Action Against HIV/AIDS.  This is a very active group that is staffed completely by volunteers, some or many of whom are HIV+ and who are willing to be open about their status to help others.
Computers for local HIV center and for orphanage
projector for hiv education purposes
will add more later

A day in the life 12/21/04
I spent the morning at the voluntary counseling and testing center (VCT) with the niece of one of the women in my community.  Imagine the drabbest, most rundown clinic you have visited or seen and then imagine something worse.  Imagine something that was once yellow paint that now is cracked, peeling, and blotchy with dirt, some other color peeking through between the cracks.  People waiting to be tested sit in the hallway on the floor or on a dilapidated metal bench for an hour or so.  Ironically, the bench was once painted with festive colors, each metal slat a different color.  Now it is some twisted version of what it once was, like a reflection in a carnival mirror, and barely functional.  The group is herded into a small room where they receive about one hour’s worth of education/information on HIV and AIDS.  After the hour they are moved back into the hallway where they wait to be tested one by one.  The young woman I am with speaks little English and I little SiSwati.  She has been very sick for a year.  She is rail thin.  As she hunches forward, I can count the vertebrae climbing up her back; her shoulders are sharp angles.  She is young and lovely except that there is no buffer zone between her skin and her bones.  It is odd to note that her fingernails are quite long and were once polished red.  They are splotched now, probably 6 months or so since polish was last applied, and she is too weak to care.  She has two children and no husband.  I am unable to ascertain if there ever was one.  Her children are not sick….yet.  They are 3 and 5, if memory serves me.  It takes that long often to start showing symptoms.  Everyone sits staring blankly, emotionless.  It is like that all over, this striking lack of emotional expression, as if everyone is shellshocked.  I ask her if she is afraid, “kwesaba?”.  She says “yes.”  You would never know.  She goes back in for her test and I wait with the others on the bench.  She comes out and I look for some sign of expression.  There is none.  She hands me the paper, but we both knew already.  She is to return the following Wednesday to have blood drawn for her CD4 count.  In Swaziland the antiretroviral therapy is free but is not given unless you are already pretty sick or your CD4 count is below 200 (from a norm of about 1200).  I think she will qualify, if she does not die first.  I will meet her again next Wednesday and wait with her, exchanging nothing.  She must walk a few hours just to get to the clinic and I wonder if she will make it.  I also wonder how she will be able to comply with the ARV therapy if she must walk that distance every week just to be treated.  This morning I read that recent testing in my area shows a 45% infection rate for pregnant women (that would be 16 and over).  Welcome to Swaziland.

October- November 2004

Greetings from Swaziland 10/23/04
I have just a few minutes to let everyone know that I am ok.  I will be posting more completely from Mbabane when we travel there next week.  Swaziland is a beautiful country but the poverty and illness here are unimaginable.  The majority of homes do not have electricity or water- the latter is fetched at a community tap or at the river.  There is significant denial about HIV/AIDS.  Everyone knows about the issue but no one is willing to admit anyone is dying from AIDS-related illnesses.  There is significant death here and we are only at the beginning of this tragedy.  40% of the adult population (over 15) is infected and we currently have 60,000 orphans.  People go without so much that we take for granted-vegetables, protein, decent clothing, and water, blessed water.  My homestay family while in training is amazing.  They are pretty well off in that they have electricity (no water) and a nice home.  But with 6 children, one piece of chicken will feed two and it is rare to get that.  Starches are the mainstay- mostly a porridge made of cornmeal.  It costs money to send the kids to primary and secondary school and most of the family's money goes for that.  The father works in South Africa in the mines and only gets home for a weekend every three weeks or so.  There is much to tell you all but it will have to wait until I have more access next week.  Most of us have gotten sick, but nothing serious.  5 trainees have already left, for various reasons, wo we are 29 now.  I am able to keep up with my yoga and the kids love to practice with me when I do my practice outside.  I think of you all but am in the right place.  Nothing is more important than what we are doing now.  Here even small efforts can change many lives.  Peace.  Namaste.  Alyson
Update 11/7/04
November 7, 2004

I have so much to write about and insufficient time right now to do so.  Training is moving along at a fast pace- we are already about or more than half way through our pre-service program.  The language has proven challenging for many of us, but we seem to be picking up bits and pieces.  Language acquisition is made more difficult by the fact that most of our host families speak English and love to practice their English skills.  This may not be the case when we move to our sites in the southern part of the country and we are all feeling a real urgency about improving our SiSwati.   Last week each of us spent a few days at a current volunteer’s site to give us a taste of what volunteer life is like.  I think we were all encouraged by our experience.  Caitlin and I stayed with Salina, a beautiful black woman from Oakland who stands about 6’2” and exudes power and energy.  She has her own very unique style here and is well loved by her community.  She lives in a round adobe brick hut with a grass roof, very traditional, with no water or electricity.  She holds a life skills class once a week for 30+ young men from the local soccer team during which time they discuss any number of issues, many of which involve HIV prevention/education.  She has also been struggling to find funds to keep some local orphans at school- out of school youth are at the highest risk of contracting, and subsequently spreading, HIV.  The government has agreed to provide the funds for the staggering and increasing number of Swazi orphans but the funds are not getting to the schools and alternative sources are not plentiful or reliable.

Last week we visited a site that is dedicated to training traditional Swazi healers.  We sat and spoke with the gogo that heads up the center and she answered many of our questions.  She believes that many illnesses are caused by bad spirits and by people who cast bad spirits, but she seems to be relatively well informed about HIV/AIDS and does not claim to be able to cure the disease (many Swazi traditional healers lay claim to cures for AIDS).  Many Swazi people use traditional healers who may be well-placed to address some of the symptoms of the opportunistic diseases associated with HIV and it is the hope of the Peace Corps here that we can establish liaisons with this important group in order to better target and help those who are HIV+.   As an aside, I asked the gogo what she believes happens to us when we die.  She says we all go to God, even those who cast evil spirits, we all go to God.  Some of her trainees performed a ritual dance for us and we left.  I did not have my camera with me but others were able to get pictures and I will try to post copies if possible.  There is something about taking pictures that makes me feel somewhat removed and remote from the event I am capturing, that I am more a spectator than a participant.  So, I have missed some great photo ops, but am having an incredible experience.

We had interviews with the Peace Corps staff about our potential placements after our training period is over.  Most of the volunteers will be placed in very rural areas, I suspect most without water and electricity.  The PC staff has something different in mind for me-  it appears that I will be placed in an orphanage situated on a hill outside of a small town named Hlatikulu in southern Swaziland.  I have not been to the town, but the area is the same as Salina’s and it is beautiful.  The orphanage has 29 girls and is close to a hospital as well (forget all your classical ideas about what a hospital is- these are generally a collection of huts or small barrack like buildings).  It sounds like there will be much opportunity for service and I am looking forward to this with great hope that I am up to the challenge.  I expect, once I am settled, I can start to write a little more colorfully about the real Swaziland- the people, the environment, the beauty and the hardships. 

This week we will be giving HIV/AIDS presentations to the local high school classes.  A couple of the volunteers put question boxes in the schools in advance to get a sense of the current level of education/understanding about the subject.  The questions were pretty raw and touching and I hope to be able to share some of them with you at some point.  They clearly demonstrate that child sexual abuse here in Swaziland is not uncommon, and that the children are misinformed about HIV.  There are beliefs that the white man intentionally introduced HIV to Africa, that HIV doesn’t exist but is simply a ploy to get African people to stop having children, that HIV can be contracted by condoms and cured by having sex with virgins and children, etc.  One of  the questions that stayed with me throughout the day was one that asked what percentage of Swazi people will be left after 20 years of this epidemic has passed.  I would not even attempt an answer, of course, but knowing that abut 40% of the adult (over 15) population is infected, and that most will not get tested or treated, even considering the question was sobering.  Let us hope, as gogo says, we all go to God when this is over.

In subsequent postings I will describe the “color” of this experience in more detail but I also hope to write a little about this pandemic.  Given that ~38 million are infected worldwide, and given the high mutation rate of this virus and the emergence of drug-resistant strains, it will be good to get people to start thinking about this problem.  The US is hardly “out of the woods” on this.

Love and peace.


Ah yes 11/16/04
I only have 30 minutes at a time to read all my emails and msg board and to post, so it seems I have to constantly be brief.  I will not have a chance to post on the anniversary of Joel's death, nor will I even get some time to myself to meditate, contemplate, or grieve a little.  It came on me a bit today and I wonder if you all, by thinking and remembering, have brought his absence closer to me.  We go on and I have to remind myself that he would not be taking any of this too seriously.  Remember the smile and let's keep each other in our thoughts over the next few days.  I will be able to check back in next week sometime, maybe around Thanksgiving.  Thanks for every good thought and well wish.